Guides
Each guide answers one procurement question and names what it was built on, with the date somebody read it. Where a rule carries a deadline, the deadline is quoted rather than paraphrased.
These exist because most writing on this subject is published by a vendor selling the answer. Nobody pays to appear here, so a guide is free to tell you a requirement does not apply to you yet.
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The EU Battery Regulation explained
What Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 requires, which dates are fixed, which are pending and who carries the duty. Written for buyers and sellers of cells and packs.
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What the battery passport requires and who has to provide it
The battery passport is mandatory from 18 February 2027 under Article 77. What it covers, who carries the duty and why the data owner question is the hard part.
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UN 38.3 testing explained
What the eight tests cover, why a forwarder asks for the summary rather than a certificate and what to do when a design changes.
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IEC 62133-2 or IEC 62619: which standard applies
Two safety standards, one decision. Which applies to a portable product, which to an installed system and what it costs to pick the wrong one.
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How to qualify a battery supplier
Six steps from an open field to a signed first order, with the questions that eliminate a supplier fastest and the documents worth insisting on.
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Which battery certifications you actually need in Europe
Which battery approvals are legally required in Europe, which are asked for by customers and which are optional. How to tell them apart before you pay.